Working principle and main classification of solenoid valves
Working principle and main classification of solenoid valves
Electromagnetic valves mainly include the electromagnetic part and the valve body part. When the power is turned on or off, the moving iron core of the electromagnetic part will move with the power on or off, thereby driving the switching of the on/off or flow direction of the medium in the valve part.The main Solenoid Valve product names of China Magnetic Valve Network include:RSZF Type Diaphragm High Temperature ValveRSDF Series Pilot Fountain Solenoid Valve,RSC Water Fountain Series Magnetic Valve,RSO Water Fountain Home Machine Magnetic Valve,RSC Home Machine Drain Valve，RSPS Series Zero-Differential Pressure Steam Magnetic Valve,RSPS-J Stainless Steel High Temperature Magnetic Valve,SLDF Direct-acting Foundtain Solenoid Valve,SLDF Series Direct-acting FountainSuper High-temperature Magnetic Valve
Of course, there will be differences in the characteristics and principles of each type of solenoid valve. Tracing back to the development history of solenoid valves, so far, solenoid valves at home and abroad have been divided into three categories according to their action modes: direct acting, recoil (step by step overlap), and pilot operated. However, they are further divided into six sub categories based on differences in valve disc structure, materials, and principles (direct acting diaphragm structure, step by step heavy plate structure, pilot diaphragm structure, direct acting piston structure, step by step direct acting piston structure, and pilot piston structure). We will discuss in detail the three types of solenoid valves with slightly different action modes:
1. Direct acting solenoid valve: Principle: When powered on, the solenoid coil generates electromagnetic force to lift the closing member from the valve seat and open the valve; When the power is cut off, the electromagnetic force disappears, and the spring presses the closing member against the valve seat, causing the valve to close. Characteristics: It can work normally under vacuum, negative pressure, and low pressure, but the diameter generally does not exceed 25mm.
2. Step by step overlap type (recoil type) solenoid valve: Principle: It is a combination of direct action and pilot type. When there is no pressure difference between the inlet and outlet, after being energized, the electromagnetic force directly lifts the pilot small valve and the main valve closing member upward in sequence, and the valve opens. When the inlet and outlet reach the starting pressure difference, after being energized, the electromagnetic force pilot small valve, the lower chamber pressure of the main valve rises, and the upper chamber pressure drops, thereby using the pressure difference to push the main valve upwards; When the power is cut off, the pilot valve uses spring force or medium pressure to push the closing member downwards, causing the valve to close. Characteristics: It can operate reliably even under zero pressure difference, vacuum, and high pressure, but with high power, it must be installed horizontally.
3. Pilot operated solenoid valve: Principle: When powered on, the electromagnetic force opens the pilot hole, causing the pressure in the upper chamber to rapidly decrease, creating a high and low pressure difference around the closing member. The fluid pressure pushes the closing member upward, and the valve opens; When the power is cut off, the spring force closes the pilot hole, and the inlet pressure quickly rises to the upper chamber through the bypass hole, forming a pressure difference of lower and higher around the valve closing member. The fluid pressure pushes the valve closing member to move downward and close the valve. Features: The upper limit of the fluid pressure range is relatively high, and it can be installed freely (customized), but it must meet the conditions of fluid pressure difference。
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